Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT): Principles, Stages & Effectiveness
Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) is a form of psychotherapy designed to help couples and individuals
strengthen emotional bonds and foster healthier relationships. Developed by Dr. Sue Johnson in the 1980s, EFT is grounded
in attachment theory and focuses on the emotional experiences and interactions that define relationships (Johnson, 2008).
Key Principles of Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT)
Attachment Theory
EFT is based on attachment theory, which emphasizes the importance of emotional bonds for development and well-being.
The goal is to heal insecurities and disconnections by creating secure attachments in relationships.
Emotion as a Target and Agent of Change
EFT identifies emotions as central to relationship dynamics. By recognizing, expressing, and transforming negative emotions,
clients can shift interaction patterns and build stronger emotional bonds.
Systemic and Experiential Approach
EFT combines systemic therapy, which examines relationship patterns, with experiential therapy, which focuses on lived
emotional experience. This integration helps restructure both internal responses and relational dynamics.
Stages and Steps of EFT
EFT generally progresses through three stages:
- De-escalation of Negative Cycles: Identifying harmful interaction patterns and underlying emotions that fuel disconnection.
- Restructuring Interactions: Learning to express needs and emotions openly to create positive, secure patterns of connection.
- Consolidation and Integration: Reinforcing new interaction styles and solidifying stronger emotional bonds.
Effectiveness of EFT
Extensive research shows Emotionally Focused Therapy (EFT) significantly improves relationship satisfaction
and emotional bonding. Meta-analyses report success rates up to 75% in reducing distress among couples (Johnson, 2008).
EFT is also effective with families and individuals working through attachment-related issues
(Johnson & Greenman, 2006).
Conclusion
Emotionally Focused Therapy provides a powerful, evidence-based framework for building secure and lasting relationships.
By transforming negative cycles into emotional safety and connection, EFT supports deeper intimacy and well-being.
References
Johnson, S. M. (2008). Hold Me Tight: Seven Conversations for a Lifetime of Love. Little, Brown Spark.
Johnson, S. M., & Greenman, P. S. (2006). The path to a secure bond: Emotionally focused couple therapy.
Journal of Clinical Psychology, 62(5), 597-609.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20251
